Digitalization of Higher Education in Morocco: Theoretical Approach and Conceptualization

Abstract

Digitalization, which has become essential in our lives, has changed our lifestyles and professional practices. This digital transformation, characterized by the integration of new information and communication technologies (NICT) in all sectors of Moroccan society, including higher education. It opens up exciting new perspectives, such as improving access to education through the dematerialization of resources and the flexibility of learning methods, in addition, it promotes the personalization of training courses, the internationalization of exchanges is also facilitated by remote collaboration tools, as well as the development of digital skills. However, it also raises significant challenges that require in-depth reflection and significant investments, such as teacher training, the digital divide and the adaptation of educational content and infrastructure. In this context, our work aims to explore the theoretical models of digital transformation in higher education. This involves classifying the different conceptual approaches that allow us to analyze and understand the complexity of digitalization within academic institutions. Based on these models, we will explore the technologies that facilitate digitalization such as artificial intelligence, Big Data, the Internet of Things (IOT) and virtual reality that are capable of further transforming higher education. The article highlights the best pedagogical practices, thus offering concrete avenues to support academic institutions in this digital transformation.

Keywords: Digitalization, higher education, theoretical models, enabling technologies

JEL Classification: A22

Type of article: Theoretical Research