The Moroccan welfare state: Between inspiration from of founding models and the construction of a national paradigm

Abstract

Since gaining independence, Morocco has been considered one of the developing countries that have established a strong legal framework and a range of social and public policies to strengthen not only its macroeconomic stability but also its social development, ensuring a degree of social well-being of its citizens. Between family solidarity and a hundred public social policies implemented since the government of alternations in 1998 under the leadership of Mr. El Youssefi as a response to the adverse effects of the Structural Adjustment Plan in 1983, social figures in Morocco show the need for a revision of its social model. With public social policies scattered across different ministries, a lack of convergence between its public social policies, and confusion over the definitions and limits of social protection, Morocco is launching a reform to establish a strong and inclusive welfare state. This reform expresses the state's sincere desire to correct the shortcomings of the old social development model and respond to the needs of its citizens in terms of healthcare, employment, education, and more. This research is based on a conceptual and critical review of the literature, aiming first to present the multiple interpretations of the notion of the social state, given the absence of a unified definition. Secondly, thru a comparison between the historical reference models, we engage in a critical and comparative analysis between the model adopted by Morocco to establish a "social" Moroccan State and its founding models of the notion of a social State. Through this approach, the study reveals both the national model of the welfare state and its impact on economic growth and social indicators, as well as presenting the constraints of the model.

Classification JEL : P16, H53, H55, I38

Paper type : Theoretical Research